N1005 IBM Research: environment

Making targeted weather forecasts highly available

<div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "helvneue light for ibm" , sans-serif; font-size: 13.0pt; line-height: 107%;">TWC acquisition perfect complement to IBM’s Deep Thunder</span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjm74TSq2LDAHadKJWWj_q6JzPDGVDYE08YP_FXOGA70ibqmtnUxathMxd4iAWVxS5NGqbpcV97EFsvAljWxgd5uws8RWj-fSabM2TH3ZLFlkVDiy5iCCYseOye-NyO-mpd-M9ULraWRHKm/s1600/ltreinish.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjm74TSq2LDAHadKJWWj_q6JzPDGVDYE08YP_FXOGA70ibqmtnUxathMxd4iAWVxS5NGqbpcV97EFsvAljWxgd5uws8RWj-fSabM2TH3ZLFlkVDiy5iCCYseOye-NyO-mpd-M9ULraWRHKm/s1600/ltreinish.jpg" /></a><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "helvneue light for ibm" , sans-serif; font-size: 13.0pt; line-height: 107%;">Editor’s note: This article is by <a href="http://researcher.watson.ibm.com/researcher/view.php?person=us-lloydt" target="_blank">Lloyd Treinish</a>, IBM Distinguished Engineer, Chief Scientist -- Environmental Modelling, Weather and Deep Thunder, IBM Research</span></i></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "helvneue light for ibm" , sans-serif; font-size: 13.0pt; line-height: 107%;">Blue skies. Not just a perfect day for a picnic. But it’s also the term utilities use to describe a grid that’s perfectly balanced with energy from solar, wind, and other sources, or free of disruptions from a storm. With IBM’s acquisition of The Weather Company closing <a href="http://www.ibm.com/blogs/think/2016/01/29/ibm-and-the-weather-company-a-next-generation-iot-platform-for-enterprises/">last month</a>, utility companies could soon use TWC’s size, scale and expertise, and my team’s Deep Thunder precision forecasting, to predict those blue skies – and what they can do to rebalance their loads for days that aren’t so perfect. And that’s just one industry example.</span><br /><a name="more"></a></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /><span style="font-family: "helvneue light for ibm" , sans-serif; font-size: 13.0pt; line-height: 107%;">IBM’s been in the weather business for decades. We delivered the first <a href="https://www-03.ibm.com/ibm/history/exhibits/701/701_intro.html">701</a> “Electronic Data Processing Machines” to the US Weather Bureau in 1955, and got into the science with work on the mathematical and computational techniques for weather modelling in the mid-1960s. In the 1990s, several years after I joined IBM, my colleagues and I worked with NOAA to deploy weather models to help support forecasting during the Summer Olympic Games in Atlanta. That work would later evolve into what would become Deep Thunder. </span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "helvneue light for ibm" , sans-serif; font-size: 13.0pt; line-height: 107%;"><a href="http://www-03.ibm.com/ibm/history/ibm100/us/en/icons/deepthunder/">Deep Thunder</a> is great at localized predictions for significant weather events. For example, our prediction for winter storm Jonas in New York City for Saturday, January 23 was close to the actual snowfall.</span><br /><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"></div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="MsoNormalTable" style="border-collapse: collapse; margin-left: .4pt; mso-padding-alt: 0in 0in 0in 0in; mso-table-layout-alt: fixed; mso-yfti-tbllook: 191; width: 402px;"> <tbody><tr style="height: 13.25pt; mso-yfti-firstrow: yes; mso-yfti-irow: 0;">  <td style="background: #4040C2; border-bottom: solid white 3.0pt; border: solid white 1.0pt; height: 13.25pt; mso-border-alt: solid white .75pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid white 3.0pt; padding: 0in 0in 0in 0in; width: 125.8pt;" valign="top" width="168"><div class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="color: white; font-family: "helvneue light for ibm" , sans-serif; font-size: 13.0pt; line-height: 107%;">Snowfall   (Inches)</span></b></div></td>  <td style="background: #4040C2; border-bottom: solid white 3.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid white 1.0pt; border-top: solid white 1.0pt; height: 13.25pt; mso-border-alt: solid white .75pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid white 3.0pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid white .75pt; padding: 0in 0in 0in 0in; width: 58.7pt;" valign="top" width="78"><div class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="color: white; font-family: "helvneue light for ibm" , sans-serif; font-size: 13.0pt; line-height: 107%;">Measured</span></b></div></td>  <td style="background: #4040C2; border-bottom: solid white 3.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid white 1.0pt; border-top: solid white 1.0pt; height: 13.25pt; mso-border-alt: solid white .75pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid white 3.0pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid white .75pt; padding: 0in 0in 0in 0in; width: 117.0pt;" valign="top" width="156"><div class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="color: white; font-family: "helvneue light for ibm" , sans-serif; font-size: 13.0pt; line-height: 107%;">Deep Thunder   Forecasts</span></b></div></td> </tr><tr style="height: 10.5pt; mso-yfti-irow: 1;">  <td style="background: #E1E1E1; border-top: none; border: solid white 1.0pt; height: 10.5pt; mso-border-alt: solid white .75pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid white 3.0pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid white 3.0pt; padding: 0in 0in 0in 0in; width: 125.8pt;" valign="top" width="168"><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "helvneue light for ibm" , sans-serif; font-size: 13.0pt; line-height: 107%;">Central Park</span></div></td>  <td style="background: #E1E1E1; border-bottom: solid white 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid white 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 10.5pt; mso-border-alt: solid white .75pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid white .75pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid white 3.0pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid white 3.0pt; padding: 0in 0in 0in 0in; width: 58.7pt;" valign="top" width="78"><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "helvneue light for ibm" , sans-serif; font-size: 13.0pt; line-height: 107%;">26.8</span></div></td>  <td style="background: #E1E1E1; border-bottom: solid white 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid white 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 10.5pt; mso-border-alt: solid white .75pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid white .75pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid white 3.0pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid white 3.0pt; padding: 0in 0in 0in 0in; width: 117.0pt;" valign="top" width="156"><div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="color: black; font-family: "helvneue light for ibm" , sans-serif; font-size: 13.0pt;">22.0</span><span style="font-family: "helvneue light for ibm" , sans-serif; font-size: 13.0pt;"></span></div></td> </tr><tr style="height: 13.55pt; mso-yfti-irow: 2;">  <td style="background: #EFEFEF; border-top: none; border: solid white 1.0pt; height: 13.55pt; mso-border-alt: solid white .75pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid white .75pt; padding: 0in 0in 0in 0in; width: 125.8pt;" valign="top" width="168"><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "helvneue light for ibm" , sans-serif; font-size: 13.0pt; line-height: 107%;">JFK</span></div></td>  <td style="background: #EFEFEF; border-bottom: solid white 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid white 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 13.55pt; mso-border-alt: solid white .75pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid white .75pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid white .75pt; padding: 0in 0in 0in 0in; width: 58.7pt;" valign="top" width="78"><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "helvneue light for ibm" , sans-serif; font-size: 13.0pt; line-height: 107%;">30.5</span></div></td>  <td style="background: #EFEFEF; border-bottom: solid white 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid white 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 13.55pt; mso-border-alt: solid white .75pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid white .75pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid white .75pt; padding: 0in 0in 0in 0in; width: 117.0pt;" valign="top" width="156"><div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="color: black; font-family: "helvneue light for ibm" , sans-serif; font-size: 13.0pt;">20.2</span><span style="font-family: "helvneue light for ibm" , sans-serif; font-size: 13.0pt;"></span></div></td> </tr><tr style="height: 13.25pt; mso-yfti-irow: 3;">  <td style="background: #E1E1E1; border-top: none; border: solid white 1.0pt; height: 13.25pt; mso-border-alt: solid white .75pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid white .75pt; padding: 0in 0in 0in 0in; width: 125.8pt;" valign="top" width="168"><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "helvneue light for ibm" , sans-serif; font-size: 13.0pt; line-height: 107%;">LaGuardia</span></div></td>  <td style="background: #E1E1E1; border-bottom: solid white 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid white 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 13.25pt; mso-border-alt: solid white .75pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid white .75pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid white .75pt; padding: 0in 0in 0in 0in; width: 58.7pt;" valign="top" width="78"><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "helvneue light for ibm" , sans-serif; font-size: 13.0pt; line-height: 107%;">27.9</span></div></td>  <td style="background: #E1E1E1; border-bottom: solid white 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid white 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 13.25pt; mso-border-alt: solid white .75pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid white .75pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid white .75pt; padding: 0in 0in 0in 0in; width: 117.0pt;" valign="top" width="156"><div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="color: black; font-family: "helvneue light for ibm" , sans-serif; font-size: 13.0pt;">24.5</span><span style="font-family: "helvneue light for ibm" , sans-serif; font-size: 13.0pt;"></span></div></td> </tr><tr style="height: 13.25pt; mso-yfti-irow: 4; mso-yfti-lastrow: yes;">  <td style="background: #EFEFEF; border-top: none; border: solid white 1.0pt; height: 13.25pt; mso-border-alt: solid white .75pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid white .75pt; padding: 0in 0in 0in 0in; width: 125.8pt;" valign="top" width="168"><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "helvneue light for ibm" , sans-serif; font-size: 13.0pt; line-height: 107%;">Newark</span></div></td>  <td style="background: #EFEFEF; border-bottom: solid white 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid white 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 13.25pt; mso-border-alt: solid white .75pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid white .75pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid white .75pt; padding: 0in 0in 0in 0in; width: 58.7pt;" valign="top" width="78"><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "helvneue light for ibm" , sans-serif; font-size: 13.0pt; line-height: 107%;">28.1</span></div></td>  <td style="background: #EFEFEF; border-bottom: solid white 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid white 1.0pt; border-top: none; height: 13.25pt; mso-border-alt: solid white .75pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid white .75pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid white .75pt; padding: 0in 0in 0in 0in; width: 117.0pt;" valign="top" width="156"><div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="color: black; font-family: "helvneue light for ibm" , sans-serif; font-size: 13.0pt;">20.0</span><span style="font-family: "helvneue light for ibm" , sans-serif; font-size: 13.0pt;"></span></div></td> </tr></tbody></table><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "helvneue light for ibm" , sans-serif; font-size: 13.0pt; line-height: 107%;">Deep Thunder made these predictions by using advanced physics and sophisticated use of a diversity of environmental data to develop high resolution, short-term forecasts. But the real power for business is how Deep Thunder can drive “coupled models,” which use the latest in machine learning and cognitive computing to predict the impact of weather. Utilities and municipalities, though, want to know not only how much snow is going to fall, but also how much wind power can they produce <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">and</i> use, or when and where pollution levels will have effects on people’s health.</span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><iframe allowfullscreen="" class="YOUTUBE-iframe-video" data-thumbnail-src="https://i.ytimg.com/vi/cnaAL7wUzPw/0.jpg" frameborder="0" height="315" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/cnaAL7wUzPw?feature=player_embedded" width="560"></iframe></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "helvneue light for ibm" , sans-serif; font-size: 13.0pt; line-height: 107%;">IBM is working with <span style="font-family: "helvneue light for ibm" , sans-serif;">p</span>ower companies to combine micro weather forecasts with detailed local data to help predict where power outages will likely occur.</span></i></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "helvneue light for ibm" , sans-serif; font-size: 13.0pt; line-height: 107%;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"></span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"></span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><table align="right" border="1" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="MsoNormalTable" style="border-collapse: collapse; border: none; margin-left: 6.75pt; margin-right: 6.75pt; mso-border-alt: solid white .5pt; mso-border-insideh: .5pt solid white; mso-border-insidev: .5pt solid white; mso-padding-alt: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; mso-table-anchor-horizontal: margin; mso-table-anchor-vertical: paragraph; mso-table-left: right; mso-table-lspace: 9.0pt; mso-table-overlap: never; mso-table-rspace: 9.0pt; mso-table-top: 18.1pt; mso-yfti-tbllook: 1184;"> <tbody><tr style="mso-yfti-firstrow: yes; mso-yfti-irow: 0; mso-yfti-lastrow: yes;">  <td style="border: solid white 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid white .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 2.25in;" valign="top" width="216"><div class="MsoNormal" style="mso-element-anchor-horizontal: margin; mso-element-anchor-vertical: paragraph; mso-element-frame-hspace: 9.0pt; mso-element-left: right; mso-element-top: 18.1pt; mso-element-wrap: around; mso-element: frame; mso-height-rule: exactly;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="color: #7f7f7f; font-family: "helvneue light for ibm" , sans-serif; font-size: 13.0pt; line-height: 107%;">Putting   IBM Research together with TWC is a bit like a neuroscientist working with a brain   surgeon. Different but complementary   skills steeped in a deep understanding of the science. My team of Ph.D. meteorologists, physicists,   mathematicians and computer scientists speak the same language as TWC’s meteorologists (we’re all weather geeks at heart). <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>We are all looking forward to doing great   things, together.</span></i></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="mso-element-anchor-horizontal: margin; mso-element-anchor-vertical: paragraph; mso-element-frame-hspace: 9.0pt; mso-element-left: right; mso-element-top: 18.1pt; mso-element-wrap: around; mso-element: frame; mso-height-rule: exactly;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="color: #7f7f7f; font-family: "helvneue light for ibm" , sans-serif; font-size: 13.0pt; line-height: 107%;">– Lloyd   Treinish</span></i></div></td> </tr></tbody></table><div class="MsoNormal"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "helvneue light for ibm" , sans-serif; font-size: 13.0pt; line-height: 107%;">Pin-point predictions for everyone</span></b></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "helvneue light for ibm" , sans-serif; font-size: 13.0pt; line-height: 107%;">Where physics and model coupling is our strength, size and scale is TWC’s sweet spot. They provide around-the-clock forecasts to industries from aviation to broadcast, and millions of consumers with high performance computing and cloud-based delivery. I envision a point in the near future where a consortium of utility companies, across multiple metropolitan areas, can couple TWC’s forecasts with Deep Thunder’s targeted models – driving our Outage Prediction and Response Optimization (OPRO) technology to determine, days ahead of time, where and when to share their repair crews so that the power can be restored from damage due to severe weather as soon as the storm passes.</span><br /><br /><span style="font-family: "helvneue light for ibm" , sans-serif; font-size: 13.0pt; line-height: 107%;">And as weather events make a greater impact on our lives, businesses and industries not obviously in need of forecasts want something more than just weather. For example, a farmer wanting to reduce how much irrigation is needed, yet maximize crop yield, needs to understand the intensity and timing of rain, and the soil moisture. Deep Thunder can help do it, but in order to apply this idea to farms around the world, TWC’s industrial-scale forecast production is needed. As an initial step, my team prototyped a version of Deep Thunder, using IBM BlueMix on SoftLayer, that can be “spun up” at arbitrary locations and automatically configure itself to the local geography and weather. This way atmospheric scientists aren’t the only ones who can run a forecast for public broadcast or for a business, or analyze past weather events that had significant impact.</span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "helvneue light for ibm" , sans-serif; font-size: 13.0pt; line-height: 107%;">Future Forecasting With IoT and Mobile</span></b></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "helvneue light for ibm" , sans-serif; font-size: 13.0pt; line-height: 107%;">Mobile devices and sensors are everywhere. But there are still too many variables to consider when trying to add reliable data, for example, from automatic windshield wipers or pressure sensors in smartphones to improve rainfall prediction. We need more sophisticated calibration to integrate such measurements. But there's tremendous potential. IBM and TWC’s coupled resources can now explore what was previously speculation, from high resolution forecasts for your local TV news, to a utility company investing in its next wind farm expansion. And perhaps soon, how to integrate IoT-generated weather measurements.</span><br /><br /><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "helvneue light for ibm" , sans-serif; font-size: 13.0pt; line-height: 107%;"><b>TED at IBM: <span style="font-family: "helvneue light for ibm" , sans-serif;">This Weather Forec<span style="font-family: "helvneue light for ibm" , sans-serif;">asting Mod<span style="font-family: "helvneue light for ibm" , sans-serif;">el is Actually Accurate</span></span></span></b> </span></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><iframe allowfullscreen="" class="YOUTUBE-iframe-video" data-thumbnail-src="https://i.ytimg.com/vi/aGrKIjreEMY/0.jpg" frameborder="0" height="315" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/aGrKIjreEMY?feature=player_embedded" width="560"></iframe></div></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="color: red; font-family: "helvneue light for ibm" , sans-serif; font-size: 13.0pt; line-height: 107%;"></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "helvneue light for ibm" , sans-serif; font-size: 13.0pt; line-height: 107%;">IBM Research and TWC will host the 2016 IBM Weather and Environmental Sciences Conference from April 5-7 at the Thomas J. Watson Research Center in Yorktown Heights, NY. The conference is a gathering of researchers, developers, and business leaders to set strategy for the development of scientific and technical advancements related to weather and environmentally-sensitive services and business opportunities. Watch this space for more information, soon. </span></i></div>

analytics deep thunder environment Making targeted weather forecasts highly available

TWC acquisition perfect complement to IBM’s Deep Thunder Editor’s note: This article is by Lloyd Treinish , IBM Distinguished Engineer, Chie...

Q&A With Green Horizons Project Manager Jin Yan Shao

8:23 AM N1000 0

<br /><div class="MsoNormal"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "HelvNeue Light for IBM",sans-serif; font-size: 13.0pt; line-height: 107%;"></span></b></div><div class="MsoNormal"><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://c2.staticflickr.com/6/5718/23177762070_72c8e2eb97_n.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="133" src="https://c2.staticflickr.com/6/5718/23177762070_72c8e2eb97_n.jpg" width="200" /></a></div><span style="font-family: "HelvNeue Light for IBM",sans-serif; font-size: 13.0pt; line-height: 107%;">IBM Research’s <a href="http://www.research.ibm.com/green-horizons/" target="_blank">Green Horizons</a> project launched in 2014 to help Beijing deliver on its goals of reducing air-polluting fine Particulate Matter (PM 2.5) by 25 percent by 2017. Just one year into the 10 year initiative, the research team in China is expanding Green Horizons globally, with projects in Johannesburg and Delhi underway. IBM Research-China’s Dr. Jin Yan Shao, Green Horizons’ program manager, talks about her motivations for working on the project, and reaching its lofty goals and expectations.</span><br /><br /><a name="more"></a></div><div align="right"><table align="right" border="1" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="MsoNormalTable" style="border-collapse: collapse; border: none; margin-left: 6.75pt; margin-right: 6.75pt; mso-border-alt: solid white .5pt; mso-border-insideh: .5pt solid white; mso-border-insidev: .5pt solid white; mso-padding-alt: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; mso-table-anchor-horizontal: column; mso-table-anchor-vertical: paragraph; mso-table-left: right; mso-table-lspace: 9.0pt; mso-table-overlap: never; mso-table-rspace: 9.0pt; mso-table-top: .05pt; mso-yfti-tbllook: 1184;"> <tbody><tr style="mso-yfti-firstrow: yes; mso-yfti-irow: 0; mso-yfti-lastrow: yes;">  <td style="border: solid white 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid white .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 2.25in;" valign="top" width="216"><div class="MsoNormal" style="mso-element-anchor-horizontal: column; mso-element-anchor-vertical: paragraph; mso-element-frame-hspace: 9.0pt; mso-element-left: right; mso-element-top: .05pt; mso-element-wrap: around; mso-element: frame; mso-height-rule: exactly;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "HelvNeue Light for IBM",sans-serif; font-size: 13.0pt; line-height: 107%;">About Dr. Jin Yan Shao</span></b></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="mso-element-anchor-horizontal: column; mso-element-anchor-vertical: paragraph; mso-element-frame-hspace: 9.0pt; mso-element-left: right; mso-element-top: .05pt; mso-element-wrap: around; mso-element: frame; mso-height-rule: exactly;"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: .25in; mso-element-anchor-horizontal: column; mso-element-anchor-vertical: paragraph; mso-element-frame-hspace: 9.0pt; mso-element-left: right; mso-element-top: .05pt; mso-element-wrap: around; mso-element: frame; mso-height-rule: exactly; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -9.0pt;"><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 13.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">  </span></span></span><span style="font-family: "HelvNeue Light for IBM",sans-serif; font-size: 13.0pt; line-height: 107%;">PhD   in Dynamics Control and Automation from Peking University</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: .25in; mso-element-anchor-horizontal: column; mso-element-anchor-vertical: paragraph; mso-element-frame-hspace: 9.0pt; mso-element-left: right; mso-element-top: .05pt; mso-element-wrap: around; mso-element: frame; mso-height-rule: exactly; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -9.0pt;"><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 13.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">  </span></span></span><span style="font-family: "HelvNeue Light for IBM",sans-serif; font-size: 13.0pt; line-height: 107%;">Joined   IBM in 2007</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: .25in; mso-element-anchor-horizontal: column; mso-element-anchor-vertical: paragraph; mso-element-frame-hspace: 9.0pt; mso-element-left: right; mso-element-top: .05pt; mso-element-wrap: around; mso-element: frame; mso-height-rule: exactly; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -9.0pt;"><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 13.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">  </span></span></span><span style="font-family: "HelvNeue Light for IBM",sans-serif; font-size: 13.0pt; line-height: 107%;">Research   focus: Analytics and optimization algorithms applied to solving challenging   problems for clients and industries, including environmental, energy,   banking, retail, and others.</span></div></td> </tr></tbody></table></div><div class="MsoNormal"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "HelvNeue Light for IBM",sans-serif; font-size: 13.0pt; line-height: 107%;">How has Green Horizons progressed in China? </span></i></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "HelvNeue Light for IBM",sans-serif; font-size: 13.0pt; line-height: 107%;">Jin Yan Shao:</span></b><span style="font-family: "HelvNeue Light for IBM",sans-serif; font-size: 13.0pt; line-height: 107%;"> Green Horizons is a long – 10 year – journey, not just for China, but worldwide. So, we cannot claim success, yet. But we have a good starting point now, considering:</span><span style="font-family: "HelvNeue Light for IBM",sans-serif; font-size: 13.0pt; line-height: 107%;"> </span></div><ul><li><span style="font-family: "HelvNeue Light for IBM",sans-serif; font-size: 13.0pt; line-height: 107%;">From a technical perspective, we achieved pollution trend predictions 10 days in advance,</span></li></ul><ul><li><span style="font-family: "HelvNeue Light for IBM",sans-serif; font-size: 13.0pt; line-height: 107%;">And from a business perspective, we have more than a dozen commercial deals, and research engagements on four continents.</span></li></ul><div class="MsoNormal"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "HelvNeue Light for IBM",sans-serif; font-size: 13.0pt; line-height: 107%;">What do you personally hope to accomplish with the Green Horizons project? </span></i></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "HelvNeue Light for IBM",sans-serif; font-size: 13.0pt; line-height: 107%;">JS: </span></b><span style="font-family: "HelvNeue Light for IBM",sans-serif; font-size: 13.0pt; line-height: 107%;">I believe every scientist dreams that one day their research work can make a difference and make the world better. That is why I chose IBM Research when I graduated from university.</span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "HelvNeue Light for IBM",sans-serif; font-size: 13.0pt; line-height: 107%;">I have participated in and led many different projects over the past eight years. Green Horizon is the most exciting and promising project, yet – which make me so proud of it. My work will help eventually benefit so many people, including my own family. What do I hope to accomplish? Definitely more blue skies and clean air for all of us living in China.</span><br /><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><iframe allowfullscreen="" class="YOUTUBE-iframe-video" data-thumbnail-src="https://i.ytimg.com/vi/RfhDJg2GVM4/0.jpg" frameborder="0" height="315" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/RfhDJg2GVM4?feature=player_embedded" width="560"></iframe></div></div>

china environment green horizons ibmresearch Q&A With Green Horizons Project Manager Jin Yan Shao

IBM Research’s Green Horizons project launched in 2014 to help Beijing deliver on its goals of reducing air-polluting fine Particulate Mat...

Using analytics to get smart about water

6:10 AM N1000 0

<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Profile of a scientist: Ernesto Arandia</i></span></span></div><div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><br /></span></span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjhGV1xcXxX7MrqMnBE6bpAuQ-_f64e_vNX5zY2gTifPvrphCf_yYBfrORWteXQo-g4QRra5BF0VlL97xCNpi-re7jekX7CSwJquz0zCow1PgIv30JVbq5xJbjtiZ5J2mNTyUfqaZk_x3U/s1600/ernestopic.PNG" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjhGV1xcXxX7MrqMnBE6bpAuQ-_f64e_vNX5zY2gTifPvrphCf_yYBfrORWteXQo-g4QRra5BF0VlL97xCNpi-re7jekX7CSwJquz0zCow1PgIv30JVbq5xJbjtiZ5J2mNTyUfqaZk_x3U/s200/ernestopic.PNG" width="171" /></a></span></span></div><div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><u><span style="color: #0563c1;"><a href="http://researcher.ibm.com/researcher/view.php?person=ie-ERNESTOA">Ernesto Arandia</a></span></u><span style="color: #333333;">, a data scientist with the IBM Smarter Water team in Dublin, Ireland, grew up half a planet away, in land-locked Bolivia. It was this life high in the Andes, where water availability is an issue for all citizens that spurred his interest in water management, and the pursuit of a PhD in Hydraulic Science at the University of Cincinnati. </span></span></span></div><div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><br /></span></span><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="color: #333333; font-size: small;">He parlayed his research and creation of tools to manage water usage via smart meters and demand forecasting into a job with IBM Research-Ireland in 2013. Today, he is working on two research applications, a Water Network Analytics Toolkit and <a href="http://ibmresearchnews.blogspot.co.uk/2014/10/analytics-helping-cities-and-citizens.html">iWIDGET</a></span><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="color: #333333;">. Both of which deal with water demand and management by reducing cost and waste.</span></span></span><br /><a name="more"></a><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="color: #333333;"></span></span></span></div><div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><br /></span></span></div><div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><b><span style="color: #333333;">What interested you in the IBM Research-Ireland Smarter Cities Technology Centre (SCTC)?</span></b></span></span></div><div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><br /></span></span></div><div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><b><span style="color: #333333;">EA:</span></b><span style="color: #333333;"> My interests are in modeling urban water and environmental systems, stochastic processes, and data mining, as well as the design and optimization of hydraulic and civil infrastructure. With my civil and environmental engineering background, the IBM lab in Dublin seemed the perfect place to pursue my research on sustainability projects in the area of water management.</span></span></span></div><div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><br /></span></span></div><div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><b><span style="color: #333333;">What did you focus on for your PhD at the University of Cincinnati?</span></b></span></span></div><div style="margin: 13.9pt 0cm;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><b><span style="color: #333333;">EA: </span></b><span style="color: #333333;">My research in Cincinnati involved experimental and computational research for accurate estimation of real-time water usage, measured by smart meters. It was part of an EPA-funded project for the development of a contaminant warning system after 9/11, which required modelling contaminant transport and water quality in water distribution systems. The main goal was to develop a fine resolution model capable of predicting how water is used in an urban water network across space and time. </span></span></span></div><div style="margin: 13.9pt 0cm;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="color: #333333; font-size: small;">The experimental part involved setting up fixed monitoring stations to collect smart meter data from thousands of utility customers. Cincinnati Water Works was one of the first utilities in the US to fully adopt smart meters in their metro area – which created a unique research opportunity for me. </span></span></div><div style="margin: 13.9pt 0cm;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="color: #333333; font-size: small;">My first challenge was to find areas where the stations could monitor the consumption of a sample of users as large and as diverse as possible. This required a Geographic Information Systems (GIS) analysis of topography, demographics and socio-economics. The data collection stage took about two years and provided a dataset rich enough to understand, characterize, and represent water usage. </span></span></div><div style="margin: 13.9pt 0cm;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="color: #333333; font-size: small;">One of the main outcomes of the project was a model for synthetic generation of demands that vary periodically and resemble real smart meter demands. Another outcome was a model to forecast water demand aggregated at useful scales, which can be used to estimate and forecast water consumption in an urban water network in real time.</span></span></div><div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><b><span style="color: #333333;">What was the first project you worked on after joining the Smarter Water team?</span></b></span></span></div><div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><b><span style="color: #70ad47;"><br /></span></b></span></span></div><div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: right; text-align: right;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhSbBUWbjoXwmVilr2M7H85AXvXmTrYf1crXIFJNc-fH6ndl7MBHAwL4weNIrbTYCeTZnqVits2ORB2ENjLnbUICU7wiMeTBA8NSsxvfB5zwrkb_tkLx-2ry_dyEfU8IrY1P0W12n34pYg/s1600/bblawn-team-pic-lowRes.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="212" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhSbBUWbjoXwmVilr2M7H85AXvXmTrYf1crXIFJNc-fH6ndl7MBHAwL4weNIrbTYCeTZnqVits2ORB2ENjLnbUICU7wiMeTBA8NSsxvfB5zwrkb_tkLx-2ry_dyEfU8IrY1P0W12n34pYg/s320/bblawn-team-pic-lowRes.jpg" width="320" /></a></span></span></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Pictured Smarter Water Team L-R:</span></span><br /><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Joe Sawaya-Naoum, Ernesto Arandia,</span></span><br /><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Bradley Eck and Fabian Wirth</span></span></td></tr></tbody></table><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><b><span style="color: #333333;">EA:</span></b><span style="color: #333333;"> Our Smarter Water team entered a challenge posed by the Water Distribution Systems Analysis Conference called the <a href="http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1877705814022681">Battle of Background Leakage Assessment for Water Networks (BBLAWN)</a>. BBLAWN asked for a methodology for recommending changes to the design and operation of a water distribution system to minimize total expenditure, while meeting service requirements. </span></span></span></div><div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><br /></span></span></div><div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="color: #0563c1; font-size: small;"><span style="color: black;">Our entry paper, called</span> <a href="http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1877705814022759" target="_blank">A Simulation-Optimization Approach for Reducing Background Leakage in Water Systems</a>,</span><span style="color: #333333; font-size: small;"> detailed a hydraulic model that simulates background leakage, custom implementations of heuristic algorithms, and optimization solvers. The solution methodology we proposed decomposed the overall problem into smaller more tractable problems aimed at a single type of decision. We found that examining each problem individually had the advantage of simplifying implementation of software and interpretation of results, and allowing parts of the problem to be examined in parallel. </span></span></div><div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><br /></span></span></div><div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="color: #333333; font-size: small;">The annual expenditure of the simulated town (called “C-Town”) was €3.9 million, but our models were able to reduce this to €1.5 million. This took into account both capital expenditure (rehab and infrastructure such as replacing pumps, pipes, valves, tanks) and operational expenditure (electricity costs as well as environmental penalties for wastage). Our main recommendation to "C-Town" was to invest about €600,000 to correct background leakage issues. This greatly reduced the amount of water loss in the network, as well as costs such as environmental penalties. This solution illustrates what a city could achieve in terms of managing leakage and overall operations.</span></span></div><div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><br /></span></span></div><div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="color: #333333; font-size: small;">Our work paid off as we won the competition for having the best combination of solution methodology, and economy of proposed infrastructural and management changes.</span></span><b><span style="color: #333333;"> </span></b><br /><br /><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><b><span style="color: #333333;">What are you working on now?</span></b></span></span></div><div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><br /><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;"><b><span style="color: #333333;">EA: </span></b><span style="color: #333333;">I am currently working on a Water Networks Analytics Toolkit. It provides decision support for a range of operational and planning problems on water networks and building blocks for new solutions. It's a</span> web-based application that knows the optimal time to replace mechanical equipment such as pumps and meters; calculates water bills under various pricing schemes; and makes adaptive water pricing recommendations.</span></div><div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-size: small;"><br /></span><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: small;">I am also involved with a project called <a href="http://ibmresearchnews.blogspot.co.uk/2014/10/analytics-helping-cities-and-citizens.html">iWIDGET</a>, which uses<span style="color: black;"> analytics and smart meters to gather real-time data on water and related energy usage. The aim of the project is to improve the management of urban water demand by reducing waste, providing utilities with deeper insights into end-user demand, and ultimately reducing customer water and energy costs. </span></span><br /><br /><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="color: black; font-size: small;">iWIDGET </span><span style="color: #333333; font-size: small;">provides information to householders to help them reduce their water usage, and also provides utility companies better visibility of their customers’ usage. This improved visibility lets the utility perform more accurate demand forecasting, and alert customers of suspected leaks. </span></span></div><div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><br /></span></span></div><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><b><span style="color: #333333;">What is the future of smarter water management?</span></b></span></span> <br /><div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><br /></span></span></div><div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><b><span style="color: #333333;">EA:</span></b><span style="color: #333333;"> Water is a constrained resource, so utilities have the dual task of reducing losses through leaks in the network as well as reducing overall consumption. The best way to tackle these issues is by integrating government regulation, customer behavior and the utility’s own approach to improving infrastructure and measurement of usage. </span></span></span></div><div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><br /></span></span></div><div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="color: #333333; font-size: small;">Water utilities can learn from the energy and utilities sector, as it has a more highly developed model for pricing and demand management. The energy sector uses, for instance, an effective pricing mechanism based on “time of use” which means consumers use less power at peak times to reduce the chance of an outage. </span></span></div><div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><br /></span></span></div><div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="color: #333333; font-size: small;">Energy suppliers and distributors are also more proactively optimising their networks, using demand forecasting to balance energy supply (including renewables) with consumer demand. The water utilities should adapt and add to these components from the energy model instead of trying to reinvent the wheel.</span></span></div><div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><br /></span></span></div><div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><b><span style="color: #333333;">What is your advice to future water scientists? </span></b></span></span></div><div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><br /></span></span></div><div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><b><span style="color: #333333;">EA: </span></b><span style="color: #333333;">I see great opportunities to do joint research with scientists working in the energy domain. I think this collaboration can lead to new and more effective methodologies for water and energy management. It can also yield new combined strategies to improve water and energy efficiency. The data to support such cross-discipline research is increasingly becoming available and it is well known that systems cannot be fully described in total isolation. For instance, planning the optimal rehabilitation of a water network cannot be approached effectively with disregard for optimal electricity consumption. </span></span></span></div><div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><br /></span></span></div><div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="color: #333333; font-size: small;">I feel privileged to work in an environment that offers an abundance of human and material resources of quality to address meaningful projects and to conduct exciting and innovative research. I think that it is important for young scientists to take the knowledge and solutions they developed and bring them back to their origins, in my case Latin America. </span></span></div><div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><br /></span></span></div><div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="color: #333333; font-size: small;">For instance, in Bolivia, we do not have a continuous supply of water, which impacts our poorer citizens the most. I think that the work I have done can help make a difference. Technology that has been developed in advanced economies can be brought to developing countries and make an impact on their economies and quality of life. </span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Helvetica Neue",Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><br /></span></span></div>

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Profile of a scientist: Ernesto Arandia Ernesto Arandia , a data scientist with the IBM Smarter Water team in Dublin, Ireland, grew up half ...